misc-definitions-in-headers

查找头文件中非 extern 非内联函数和变量定义，这些定义在多个翻译单元中包含这些头文件时可能会导致潜在的 ODR 冲突。

// Foo.h
int a = 1; // Warning: variable definition.
extern int d; // OK: extern variable.

namespace N {
  int e = 2; // Warning: variable definition.
}

// Warning: variable definition.
const char* str = "foo";

// OK: internal linkage variable definitions are ignored for now.
// Although these might also cause ODR violations, we can be less certain and
// should try to keep the false-positive rate down.
static int b = 1;
const int c = 1;
const char* const str2 = "foo";
constexpr int k = 1;
namespace { int x = 1; }

// Warning: function definition.
int g() {
  return 1;
}

// OK: inline function definition is allowed to be defined multiple times.
inline int e() {
  return 1;
}

class A {
public:
  int f1() { return 1; } // OK: implicitly inline member function definition is allowed.
  int f2();

  static int d;
};

// Warning: not an inline member function definition.
int A::f2() { return 1; }

// OK: class static data member declaration is allowed.
int A::d = 1;

// OK: function template is allowed.
template<typename T>
T f3() {
  T a = 1;
  return a;
}

// Warning: full specialization of a function template is not allowed.
template <>
int f3() {
  int a = 1;
  return a;
}

template <typename T>
struct B {
  void f1();
};

// OK: member function definition of a class template is allowed.
template <typename T>
void B<T>::f1() {}

class CE {
  constexpr static int i = 5; // OK: inline variable definition.
};

inline int i = 5; // OK: inline variable definition.

constexpr int f10() { return 0; } // OK: constexpr function implies inline.

// OK: C++14 variable templates are inline.
template <class T>
constexpr T pi = T(3.1415926L);

当使用 clang-tidy 运行时，带有 –fix-notes 选项，此检查将提供自动添加 inline 关键字到发现的函数的修复方法。请注意，此检查目前不支持将 inline 关键字添加到变量。